Publications

Title: Top-Down Control of Cyanobacteria: a Theoretical Analysis.

Authors: Gragnani, A., M. Scheffer, and S. Rinaldi.

Citation: Gragnani, A., M. Scheffer, and S. Rinaldi. 1999. Top-Down Control of Cyanobacteria: a Theoretical Analysis. American Naturalist 153, no. 1: 59-72.

Related Publications:

Implications of Spatial Heterogeneity for the Paradox of Enrichment.

Tree Clearing and Dryland Salinity Hazard in the Upper Burdekin Catchment of North Queensland.

The Sensitivity of a Tanzanian Crater Lake to Catastrophic Tephra Input and Four Millennia of Climate Change.

Impact of Nutrients and Physical Factors on the Shift From Cyanobacterial to Chlorophyte Dominance in Shallow Danish Lakes.

Can Simple Empirical Equations Describe the Seasonal Dynamics of Bacterioplankton in Lakes: an Eight-Year Study in Shallow Hypertrophic and Biologically Highly Dynamic Lake Sobygard, Denmark.

Fish Manipulation as a Lake Restoration Tool in Shallow, Eutrophic, Temperate Lakes .2. Threshold Levels, Long-Term Stability and Conclusions.

Top-Down Control in Freshwater Lakes: the Role of Nutrient State, Submerged Macrophytes and Water Depth.

Does the Impact of Nutrients on the Biological Structure and Function of Brackish and Fresh-Water Lakes Differ.

Fish Manipulation as a Lake Restoration Tool in Shallow, Eutrophic Temperate Lakes .1. Cross-Analysis of 3 Danish Case- Studies.

Interactions Between Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and Fish in a Shallow, Hypertrophic Lake - a Study of Phytoplankton Collapses in Lake Sobygard, Denmark.

On the Dominance of Filamentous Cyanobacteria in Shallow, Turbid Lakes.

Indirect Effects of Fish Community Structure on Submerged Vegetation in Shallow, Eutrophic Lakes - an Alternative Mechanism.

Eradication Thresholds in Epidemiology, Conservation Biology and Genetics.

Designing a Dry Tortugas Ecological Reserve: How Big Is Big Enough? ... To Do What?

Desertification of Subtropical Thicket in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: Are There Alternatives?

Resuspension in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake.

A Test of the Metapopulation Model of the Species-Area Relationship.

The Structural Connectivity Threshold: an Hypothesis in Conservation Biology at the Landscape Scale.

Metapopulation Models for Extinction Threshold in Spatially Correlated Landscapes.

Implications of the Effects of Trawling on Sessile Megazoobenthos on a Tropical Shelf in Northeastern Australia.

The Impact of Pelagic Fish Behavior on Fisheries.

On the Freshwater Forcing and Transport of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation.

Easter Island: Historical Anecdote or Warning for the Future?

Alternate Stable States and Threshold Effects in Semi-Arid Grazing Systems.

Persistence of 2 Species of Gecko (Oedura-Reticulata and Gehyra-Variegata) in Remnant Habitat.

Climatic Warming Causes Regime Shifts in Lake Food Webs.

Fish and Nutrients Interplay Determines Algal Biomass - a Minimal Model.

Effects of Fish on Plankton Dynamics: a Theoretical Analysis.

Seasonal Dynamics of Daphnia and Algae Explained as a Periodically Forced Predator-Prey System.

Spatial Heterogeneity and Irreversible Vegetation Change in Semiarid Grazing Systems.

Catastrophic vegetation shifts and soil degradation in terrestrial grazing systems.

Ecosystem Dynamics and the Sahel Drought.

Role of Vegetation Dynamics in Enhancing the Low-Frequency Variability of the Sahel Rainfall.

Coexistence and Collapse: an Experimental Investigation of the Persistent Communities of a Protist Species Pool.

Extinction and Spatial Structure in Simulation Models.

Demographic Stochasticity Does Not Predict Persistence of Gecko Populations.

A Universal Law of the Characteristic Return Time Near Thresholds.

Critical Thresholds in Species Responses to Landscape Structure.

Dispersal Success on Fractal Landscapes: a Consequence of Lacunarity Thresholds.

Extinction Thresholds for Species in Fractal Landscapes.

Threshold Effects of Landscape Structure on Biological Control in Agroecosystems.

The Response to Deforestation and Desertification in a Model of West African Monsoons.

The Role of Vegetation in the Dynamics of West African Monsoons.

Steppe-tundra transition: a herbivore-driven biome shift at the end of the pleistocene.

Fish-Induced Changes in Zooplankton Grazing on Phytoplankton and Bacterioplankton: a Long-Term Study in Shallow Hypertrophic Lake Sobygaard.

Biomanipulation in Shallow Lakes in the Netherlands: an Evaluation of 18 Case Studies.

Long-Term Responses to Fish-Stock Reduction in Small Shallow Lakes - Interpretation of 5-Year Results of 4 Biomanipulation Cases in the Netherlands and Denmark.

The Art of Lake Restoration.

Engineering and Biological Approaches to the Restoration From Eutrophication of Shallow Lakes in Which Aquatic Plant- Communities Are Important Components.

Restoration of Two Lowland Lakes by Isolation From Nutrient-Rich Water Sources With and Without Removal of Sediment.

Development of Daphnid Communities in Diatom-Dominated and Cyanophyte-Dominated Lakes and Their Relevance to Lake Restoration by Biomanipulation.

Progressive Restoration of a Shallow Lake: a 12-Year Experiment in Isolation, Sediment Removal and Biomanipulation.

The Effect of Aquatic Vegetation on Turbidity; How Important Are the Filter Feeders?

Multiplicity of Stable States in Fresh-Water Systems.

Minimal Models of Top-Down Control of Phytoplankton.

Impact of Submerged Macrophytes on Fish-Zooplankton- Phytoplankton Interactions - Large-Scale Enclosure Experiments in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake.

The Impact of Grazing Waterfowl on Submerged Macrophytes: in Situ Experiments in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake.

Biomanipulation in the Netherlands: 15 years of experience.

Seasonal Changes of Mechanisms Maintaining Clear Water in a Shallow Lake With Abundant Chara Vegetation.

Management of Eutrophication for Lakes Subject to Potentially Irreversible Change.

Recovery of the Macrozoobenthic Community of the Comacchio Lagoon System (Northern Adriatic Sea).

Overview of Hypoxia Around the World.

Epilithic Biomass and Metabolism in a North Iberian Stream.

Biomanipulation as an Application of Food-Chain Theory: Constraints, Synthesis, and Recommendations for Temperate Lakes.

Catastrophes, Phase Shifts, and Large-Scale Degradation of a Caribbean Coral Reef.

Nitrogen Loss and Denitrification as Studied in Relation to Reductions in Nitrogen Loading in a Shallow, Hypertrophic Lake (Lake Sobygard, Denmark).

Reconstructing the Historical Changes in Daphnia Mean Size and Planktivorous Fish Abundance in Lakes From the Size of Daphnia Ephippia in the Sediment.

Trophic Dynamics in Turbid and Clearwater Lakes With Special Emphasis on the Role of Zooplankton for Water Clarity.

Trophic Structure, Species Richness and Biodiversity in Danish Lakes: Changes Along a Phosphorus Gradient.

Changes in Nitrogen Retention in Shallow Eutrophic Lakes Following a Decline in Density of Cyprinids.

Cascading Trophic Interactions From Fish to Bacteria and Nutrients After Reduced Sewage Loading: an 18-Year Study of a Shallow Hypertrophic Lake.

Lake and Catchment Management in Denmark.

Nutrient Dynamics and Biological Structure in Shallow Fresh- Water and Brackish Lakes - Preface.

Summer Internal Phosphorus Supplies in Shagawa Lake, Minnesota.

Colonization of Submerged Macrophytes in Shallow Fish Manipulated Lake Vaeng - Impact of Sediment Composition and Waterfowl Grazing.

Colonization and Succession of Submerged Macrophytes in Shallow Lake Vaeng During the 1st 5 Years Following Fish Manipulation.

Macroalgae, Nutrients and Phase Shifts on Coral Reefs: Scientific Issues and Management Consequences for the Great Barrier Reef.

A Fuzzy Logic Model to Predict Coral Reef Development Under Nutrient and Sediment Stress.

Effects of Biomanipulation in the Large and Shallow Lake Wolderwijd, the Netherlands.

Primary Production in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake Dominated Alternately by Phytoplankton and by Submerged Macrophytes.

Ecological Goods and Services of Coral Reef Ecosystems.

Effects on Nutrients and Hydroperiod on Typha, Cladium, and Eleocharis: Implications for Everglades Restoration.

Spatial Resilience of Coral Reefs.

Coral Reef Disturbance and Resilience in a Human-Dominated Environment.

Corals and Phase Shifts.

Should We Expect Strange Attractors Behind Plankton Dynamics - and if So, Should We Bother.

Megaplant - a Simulation-Model of the Dynamics of Submerged Plants.

Distribution and Dynamics of Submerged Vegetation in a Chain of Shallow Eutrophic Lakes.

Alternative Equilibria in Shallow Lakes.

Vegetated Areas With Clear Water in Turbid Shallow Lakes.

Is Trophic State or Regional Location the Strongest Determinant for Chl-a/Tp Relationships in Lakes?

The Sahel of Africa: Ecology of a Disaster.

Internal Phosphorus Loading in Shallow Danish Lakes.

Pike (Esox Lucius L) Stocking as a Biomanipulation Tool .2. Effects on Lower Trophic Levels in Lake Lyng, Denmark.

Interactions Between Sediment and Water in a Shallow and Hypertrophic Lake - a Study on Phytoplankton Collapses in Lake Sobygard, Denmark.

Phytoplankton Biomass Reduction After Planktivorous Fish Reduction in a Shallow, Eutrophic Lake - a Combined Effect of Reduced Internal P-Loading and Increased Zooplankton Grazing.

8 Years of Internal Phosphorus Loading and Changes in the Sediment Phosphorus Profile of Lake Sobygaard, Denmark.

Phosphorus Release From Resuspended Sediment in the Shallow and Wind-Exposed Lake Arreso, Denmark.

Phosphorus Fractions and Profiles in the Sediment of Shallow Danish Lakes as Related to Phosphorus Load, Sediment Composition and Lake Chemistry.

Wave Exposure Related Growth of Epiphyton: Implications for the Distribution of Submerged Macrophytes in Eutrophic Lakes.

Managing Nutrient Fluxes and Pollution in the Baltic: an Interdisciplinary Simulation Study.

The Role of Characean Algae in the Management of Eutrophic Shallow Lakes.

Dynamics and Stability of Chara Sp and Potamogeton Pectinatus in a Shallow Lake Changing in Eutrophication Level.

Dominance of Charophytes in Eutrophic Shallow Lakes - When Should We Expect It to Be an Alternative Stable State?

Experimental Policies for Water Management in the Everglades.

The Relation Between Wave Exposure and Distribution of Emergent Vegetation in a Eutrophic Lake.

Mechanisms Regulating Abundance of Submerged Vegetation in Shallow Eutrophic Lakes.

Global and Local Threats to Coral Reef Functioning and Existence: Review and Predictions.

Catastrophic Response of Lakes to Benthivorous Fish Introduction.

The Baltic: The Sea of Surprises. In: Barriers and bridges to the renewal of ecosystems and institutuins.

Threats to Sustainability in Intensified Agricultural Systems: Analysis and Implications for Management.

Pike (Esox Lucius L) Stocking as a Biomanipulation Tool .1. Effects on the Fish Population in Lake Lyng, Denmark.

Sea Otters and Kelp Forests in Alaska - Generality and Variation in a Community Ecological Paradigm.

Sea otters: Their role in structuring nearshore communities.

Aleuts, sea otters, and alternative stable-state communities.

Cultivation/Depensation Effects on Juvenile Survival and Recruitment: Implications for the Theory of Fishing.

Long-Term Pattern of Alternative Stable States in 2 Shallow Eutrophic Lakes.

Long-Term and Short-Term Dynamics of Submerged Macrophytes in 2 Shallow Eutrophic Lakes.

Decline of Charophytes During Eutrophication - Comparison With Angiosperms.

Integrating Salmon, Trees and People: Watershed Management: Balancing Sustainability and Environmental Change.

The Costs of Eutrophication From Salmon Farming - Implications for Policy.

Effects of Interdecadal Climate Variability on the Oceanic Ecosystems of the Ne Pacific.

Differences in the ecology of wet-dug and dry-dug gravel pit lakes.

Collapse and Recovery of Marine Fishes.

What Can Be Learned From the Collapse of a Renewable Resource - Atlantic Cod, Gadus-Morhua, of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Life After Death in Lake Erie: Nutrient Controls Drive Fish Species Richness, Rehabilitation.

Middle Paleozoic Extinction Events - Faunal and Isotopic Data.

Relationships Between Fisheries and the Integrity of River Systems.

Discovery of Fish Mortality Horizon at the K-T Boundary on Seymour Island: Re-Evaluation of Events at the End of the Cretaceous.

Mass Mortalities and Mass Extinction.

The impact of low-head dams on fish species richness in Wisconsin, USA.

Cascading Trophic Interactions in the Littoral Zone: an Enclosure Experiment in Shallow Lake Stigsholm, Denmark.

The Uses of Ecology: Lake Washington and Beyond.

Keywords: Field patterns, experimental results, experiment, zooplankton grazing, cyanobacteria, model, Oscillatoria, green algae, Daphnia, nutrients, predation, fish, fish predation plankton, Top-down control, Blue-Green Algae, Predator-prey Model

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